AdvancedSystem-Design
45 min
Design a Healthcare Records System
HealthcareSecurityComplianceInteroperability
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Interview Question
Design a HIPAA-compliant healthcare records platform with fine-grained access control, audit logs, and interoperability (HL7/FHIR).
Key Points to Cover
- Data model: patient, provider, encounter, labs, imaging
- Interoperability with HL7/FHIR APIs and external systems
- Encryption at rest/in transit, access control (RBAC/ABAC)
- Audit logs, monitoring, and breach detection
- Data retention, consent, and regulatory compliance
Evaluation Rubric
Compliant data model & interoperability25% weight
Strong HIPAA security/ACLs25% weight
Robust audit logs and monitoring25% weight
Meets compliance/consent rules25% weight
Hints
- 💡Data minimization helps reduce compliance risk.
Common Pitfalls to Avoid
- ⚠️Underestimating the complexity of HL7 v2.x message parsing and transformation.
- ⚠️Implementing RBAC without considering the need for ABAC for more granular control.
- ⚠️Inadequate audit log retention policies or failure to review logs regularly.
- ⚠️Over-reliance on external systems without proper vetting for their own HIPAA compliance.
- ⚠️Neglecting to define clear data ownership and data lifecycle management policies.
Potential Follow-up Questions
- ❓How do you handle patient data deletion requests?
- ❓How to enable cross-org sharing safely?
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